--select an article-- EATING LIKE A LION EATING LIKE A LION: Abstract EATING LIKE A LION: Leucine EATING LIKE A LION Protein Renal Functions EATING LIKE A LION Nutrients EATING LIKE A LION Direct cost EATING LIKE A LION Renal Functional Reserve EATING LIKE A LION Renal kallikrein EATING LIKE A LION Signs CKD EATING LIKE A LION Dietary Protein Dog EATING LIKE A LION alters GFR LEUCINE: the Meat of the Matter PROTEINURIA hyperfiltration theory PROTEINURIA Full Article PROTEINURIA Very Low Protein Delays Dialysis PROTEINURIA BP progression CKD PROTEIN Intake Renal Function Decline PROTEINURIA association renal function PROTEINURIA Control glomerular hypertension PROTEINURIA Remission renal disease PROTEINURIA Overt Proteinuria ADPKD PROTEINURIA Independent BP PROTEINURIA target cardiovascular protection PROTEINURIA Albuminuria abstract PROTEINURIA Hypertension PROTEINURIA Hyperfiltration nephrons PROTEINURIA target for renoprotection PROTEINURIA natural course decline PROTEINURIA More Severe Problems PROTEINURIA Preventing HALT study] EAA Aminess Spec Sheet EAA Supplementation Increases Albumin EAA Supporting Abstract Aminess EAA Aminess improves albumin level EAA References supporting eaa EAA Essential Amino Acids study EAA Protein restriction CKD EAA Kidney Tx deferred by EAA EAA improve pre-dialysis status EAA Ketoconazole CKD EAA Urea Metabolism Chronic Kidney Disease EAA Factors outcome PKD EAA In memory Mackenzie Walser MD EAA Review of Albumin EAA amino acid improved renal functioning EAAs safe? EAA CKD supplemented with eaa's EAA amino acid EAA antioxidant effects low pro diet/option> EAA antioxidant effects LOWPRO Very Low Protein Delays Dialysis LOWPRO Saving Failing Kidneys LOWPRO Impact of Protein Intake LOWPRO Hypoalbuminemia dialysis LOWPRO Supplemented Very Low Protein Diet LOWPRO very low pro elderly 2007 LOWPRO Diet vs dialysis LOWPRO diet dialysis ALBUMIN Increased by EAA supplements ALBUMIN Renal structure ADPKD ALBUMIN Paracetamol Kidney Function ALBUMIN Proteinuria prognostic implications ALBUMIN Proteinuria ADPKD ALBUMIN Clinical Profile ADPLD ALBUMIN HALT PKD brochure ALBUMIN Milk Thistle Effects Liver ALBUMIN Liver Involvement ADPKD ALBUMIN Liver Transplant ADPKD ALBUMIN Hepatic Cysts ALBUMIN Calciphylaxis ALBUMIN Cyst Number Associated ADPKD ALBUMIN delay the onset ALBUMIN Hyperfiltration ALBUMIN Saffron protective

From an interview with Dr. Brenner. - To open the link for Dr. Brenner's Bio, mouse over the words - Barry Brenner, MD biography

HOW DOES PROTEIN STAY ON THE BLOOD SIDE OF THE GLOMERULUS AND NOT EMPTY INTO THE URINE?
The glomerulus, enclosed in a capsule, Bowman’s capsule, is the main filter of the nephron. The nephron is the functioning unit of the kidney.
A tightly linked mesh of capillaries, make up the glomerulus of the kidney. Protein from the blood comes in contact with this linked mesh of capillaries. Studies show that these tightly linked mesh of capillaries, making up the glomerulus, is what keeps the proteins albumin and immunoglobulin in the blood, and out of the urine. In addition, both the walls of the capillaries and the proteins that circulate in the blood are both negatively charged; so they naturally repel and this also prevents protein from passing through the glomerulus into the urine. It is this naturally repelling charge that further protects proteins from passing into the urine coupled with a tightly knit mesh of glomeruli capillaries. No one had previously appreciated this charge-and-mesh property.

WHEN WE SEE HIGH PROTEIN LEVELS IN THE URINE, WHY HAS THIS TYPICALLY TIGHT BARRIER BROKEN DOWN?
Glomeruli have a charge-and-mesh property that is effected by an increase in pressure. Further studies demonstrated that, with proteinuria, the holes in the mesh get bigger and the negative charge disappeared. In the laboratory kidney disease was replicated by removing a kidney. This removes a large number of nephrons, which are made up of the filtering capillaries of the glomerulus and a tubular system essential for maintaining balance. Removing half of the nephrons causes the remaining nephrons to overwork, resulting in a progressively failing kidney. The more nephrons lost, the shorter the life span of the remaining kidney.

HOW DO WE SLOW DISEASE PROGRESSION?
Dr. Henry Christian, in 1913 prescribed low-protein diets. Lowering dietary protein enabled those with kidney disease to live longer. In the laboratory Dr. Barry Brenner discovered that increasing dietary protein increases glomerular pressure, and the glomerulus works best under a lower pressure. Animal proteins or an excess dietary proteins increases the kidney glomerular pressure. This increase in pressure causes circulating proteins to lose their negative charge and concurrently the linked mesh of capillaries that make up the glomerulus becomes bigger allowing more proteins to pass through to the urine from the circulating blood. Perhaps this can help explain how potassium citrate diminish proteinuria There have been clinical trials with potassium citrate concluding that it lowers pressure.
As far back as 1913 we have known that low protein diets enable individuals with kidney disease to live longer, many were unwilling to follow such a diet. Doctors tried lowering glomerular pressure through lowering blood pressure.
Luckily, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors) had just appeared. Kidney life was prolonged indefinitely by blocking the formation of Angiotensin II. It took 8 years from Dr. Brenner’s rat experiments to confirm these findings in humans, but today renal patients worldwide are treated with ACE inhibitors.
In 1957 the late Dr. Mackenzie Walser took this further. By combining ACE inhibitors, low protein diets (0.3 grams/kilogram of body weight), alkalinity, correcting anemia, supplementing with essential amino acids he has had success in halting end stage renal disease. If individuals only dropped the protein intake and took the essential amino acids [Calwood Amines], 30% of individuals were affected positively. If they took ACE inhibitors 40% of individuals were affected. But with the combination of both this figure jumped to 90% decrease in proteinuria. Dr. Walser discovered that serum albumin can be increased by eliminating dietary proteins and supplementing with essential amino acids, useful for many dialysis patients.

 

Dr. Mackenzie Walser's book Coping with Kidney Disease outlines a plan to try with your nephrologist:
• Eliminate all animal protein
• Reduce dietary protein 0.3 grams/kilogram of body if near end stage renal disease.
• Supplement with essential amino acids (specifically from Calwood)
• Lower blood pressure 110/70 - 120/80
• Maintain alkalinity with diet or alkalizer such as sodium citrate/potassium citrate
• Correct anemia

Scientists took urine samples of the entire population of the city of Groningen, Netherlands and found that among 80,000 tested, 3000 people were discovered to have protein in the urine. They identified a renal risk factor and are now working towards prevention. Their research has led to 39 papers published in 5 years on the impact of microscopic amounts of protein in the urine. Dialysis and transplantation in the United States this year alone will cost $25 billion. Governments in 80% of the world cannot afford dialysis or transplantation at all; for them kidney failure is fatal for most of their citizens.
Dr. Lin in China has a huge clinical trial from 17 centers testing ACE blood pressure medications or ARB (ACE receptor site blockers) along with low protein no animal protein diets. Preliminary results are very good.

From the latest water research, specifically for PKD'rs, one might consider adding to PKD Diet, drinking water; twice the amount of ones output.

 

   
The hyperfiltration theory: A paradigm shift in nephrology or    Gorge on Steak like a lion decrease kidney functioning.
Remission of renal disease: recounting the challenge, acquiring the goal
Overt proteinuria in PKD Established proteinuria and micro albuminuria in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients are associated with increased mean arterial pressure and more severe renal cystic involvement.
Reducing albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy
Reducing albuminuria a therapeutic target for cardiovascular protection with nephropathy
Adult hypertension and kidney disease: the role of fetal programming
Control of glomerular hypertension limits glomerular injury in rats.
Hyperfiltration in remnant nephrons: a potentially adverse response to renal ablation. This article suggests that controlling glomerular hypertension limits kidney injury in the animal model. Renal ablation is accompanied by structural lesions and further suggests that sustained single nephron hyperfiltration may have maladaptive consequences by damaging remnant glomeruli. Written in 2001, Dr. Brenner commented that it took 8 years from the laboratory for this to be translated into care options for humans with kidney disease.
Reduction in albuminuria is associated with a proportional effect on renal protection. The above article has implications for using proteinuria levels for testing future kidney protecterants.
Renal Protection in Patients Barry Brenner, MD 2002    Enroll in HDCN. Its free.
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Optimal Reduction of Proteinuria Weiner MD 2000
Dialysis and transplantation in the United States this year alone will cost $25 billion. Governments in 80% of the world cannot afford dialysis or transplantation at all; for them kidney failure is fatal for most of their citizens. Dr. Lin in China has a huge clinical trial from 17 centers testing ACE blood pressure medications or ARB (ACE receptor site blockers) along with low protein no animal protein diets. Preliminary results are very good. The HALT Study is testing this with PKD.