Buckthorn
Avoid buckthorn
(Rhamnus cathartica)
Avoid buckthorn as it is detrimental to PKD/PLD. Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) can lead to liver damage. Neurotoxic to mammals & birds & can induce hepatic degeneration and necrosis in humans. The seeds and leaves are considered toxic to humans and animals, causing stomach cramps and laxative effects thought to serve a function in seed dispersal. The chemical compounds responsible for this laxative effect are anthraquinone and emodin.
Varieties of Buckthorn Can be Poisonous
Take caution as there are other varieties of buckthorn which are capable of producing demyelinating polyneuropathies, similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome. Other varieties the wood has been used for charcoal in the manufacture of gunpowder.